@article {492,
	title = {Recurrent and new hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation},
	journal = {Hepatology},
	volume = {29},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {1220 - 1226},
	publisher = {W.B. Saunders},
	abstract = {Abstract 10.1002/hep.510290412.abs Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common reason for liver transplantation. We examined the results of laboratory tests for HCV on a cohort of patients who received a liver transplant between 1990 and 1994 at three large centers. Seven hundred twenty-two recipients and 604 donors were tested for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) using a second-generation enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA-2), followed by recombinant immunoblot (RIBA-2) and HCV RNA confirmation by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (with genotyping and viral quantification). Diagnosis of posttransplantation infection required detection of serum HCV RNA that could be genotyped by sequencing or was repeatedly positive despite being unsequenceable. Twenty-five percent of transplantation candidates were seropositive for anti-HCV. Approximately 86\% of anti-HCV{\textendash}positive, 93\% of RIBA-positive, and 97\% of HCV RNA{\textendash}positive candidates developed infection after transplantation. Pretransplantation HCV RNA was superior to RIBA-2 for predicting posttransplantation infection. Whereas HCV genotype was identified in nearly all candidates and changed little after transplantation, serum viral levels rose markedly after transplantation. Fifteen donors were either anti-HCV{\textendash} or HCV RNA{\textendash}positive. Recipients of grafts from donors with HCV RNA all developed infection, whereas infection was not detected in recipients of grafts from donors with anti-HCV but without detectable HCV RNA. The rate of new infection fell significantly (P = .02) after the introduction of EIA-2 screening of blood. Donor and candidate markers for HCV predict posttransplantation infection},
	issn = {1527-3350},
	doi = {10.1002/hep.510290412},
	author = {Everhart,J. E. and Wei,Y. and Eng,H. and Charlton,M. R. and Persing,D. H. and Wiesner,R. H. and Germer,J. J. and Lake,J. R. and Zetterman,R. K. and Hoofnagle,J. H.}
}
