@article {728,
	title = {Freeze dried anterior cruciate ligament allografts. Preliminary studies in a goat model},
	journal = {Am J Sports Med},
	volume = {15},
	year = {1987},
	note = {Jackson, D W Grood, E S Arnoczky, S P Butler, D L Simon, T M AM21172/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/United States Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, P.H.S. United states The American journal of sports medicine},
	month = {Jul-Aug},
	pages = {295 - 303},
	edition = {31959},
	abstract = {One ACL in each of 11 mature goats was replaced with a freeze dried bone-ACL-bone allograft. One year following implantation the goats had their knees evaluated biomechanically and for microvascularity and histologic changes. The reconstructed knees had a significantly greater total AP laxity (3.8 +/- 0.6 mm) (mean and SEM) than the controls (1.0 +/- 0.1 mm). Differences in primary AP laxity were responsible for 81\% of the difference in total laxity, with only a 0.4 mm difference in secondary laxity. Neutral stiffness in the reconstructive knee was 17\% of control, while stiffness at 30 newtons (N) of anterior force was approximately 50\% of controls. Ligament stiffness in the linear region for the ACL allograft was 35\% of the control value of 686 N/mm. The maximum load of the allografts was 571 +/- 45 N, or 25\% of the contralateral ACL control strength (2301 +/- 155 N). Five of the seven allografts failed at the femoral insertion. Both elongation (83\%) and energy (21\%) to maximum load were less for allografts than controls. Histologic evaluation of the allografts revealed the presence of a regular oriented dense connective tissue which resembled a normal ligament. Microangiography revealed a periligamentous and endoligamentous vascular pattern reminiscent of a normal ACL and complete revascularization of the bone plugs.},
	keywords = {*Disease Models, Animal, *Goats, Animals, Biomechanics, Female, Freeze Drying, Knee Joint / pathology / physiopathology / *surgery, Ligaments, Articular / pathology / *transplantation},
	issn = {0363-5465 (Print) 0363-5465 (Linking)},
	author = {Jackson,D. W. and Grood,E. S. and Arnoczky,S. P. and Butler,D. L. and Simon,T. M.}
}
