@article {1733,
	title = {Strongyloidiasis in patients at a comprehensive cancer center in the United States},
	journal = {Cancer},
	volume = {100},
	year = {2004},
	note = {LR: 20041117; CI: Copyright 2004; JID: 0374236; 0 (Antinematodal Agents); 148-79-8 (Thiabendazole); ppublish},
	month = {36982},
	pages = {1531 - 1536},
	publisher = {American Cancer Society},
	address = {United States},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis infestation and complication in patients with cancer in the United States is unknown. METHODS: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of S. stercoralis infection in patients who were undergoing cancer treatment at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX). RESULTS: The overall S. stercoralis infection frequency was approximately 1.0 per 10,000 new cancer cases between 1971 and 2003. Twenty-two of 25 patients (88\%) were U.S. residents (19 from Texas; 1 each from Mississippi, Tennessee, and Puerto Rico), and the remaining 3 (13\%) were from Latin America. Thirteen (52\%) had solid-organ malignancies, whereas 12 (48\%) had hematologic malignancies (lymphoma or multiple myeloma, n=8; leukemia, n=3; aplastic anemia, n=1). Twelve patients (48\%) received systemic corticosteroids, 9 (36\%) received antineoplastic therapy, and 2 underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Diarrhea was reported in 13 patients (57\%), and eosinophilia was observed in 11 patients (48\%); 4 patients (16\%) had probable hyperinfection syndrome (in 3 cases of polymicrobial gram-negative bacteremia, 1 patient had Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia, whereas 1 patient presented with K. pneumoniae lung infection alone). Evidence of definite pulmonary hyperinfection syndrome was observed in 2 HSCT recipients (8\%). Fourteen (74\%) of 19 patients responded to thiabendazole therapy. Two patients with definite pulmonary hyperinfection syndrome developed fatal S. stercoralis hemorrhagic alveolitis despite receiving high-dose thiabendazole plus ivermectin therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, strongyloidiasis was uncommon in patients with cancer and remained localized in individuals with solid-organ malignancies. Definite pulmonary accelerated autoinfections were observed only in HSCT recipients. Therefore, pre-HSCT S. stercoralis screening in individuals from endemic regions of the United States warrants further study.},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antinematodal Agents / therapeutic use, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Child, Feces / parasitology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms / complications / parasitology, Retrospective Studies, Strongyloidiasis / complications / drug therapy / epidemiology, Thiabendazole / therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, United States},
	issn = {0008-543X; 0008-543X},
	doi = {10.1002/cncr.20120},
	author = {Safdar,A. and Malathum,K. and Rodriguez,S. J. and Husni,R. and Rolston,K. V.}
}
